Understanding Menstrual Cycle
admin What is menstrual cycle
The menstrual cycle is a complex, recurring process that occurs in the female reproductive system, typically lasting about 28 days, though it can range from 21 to 35 days. It involves a series of hormonal changes that prepare the body for pregnancy.
Core components/phases of the menstrual cycle
Our menstrual cycle is phased as follows;
Menstrual phase; when the thickened lining of the uterus (endometrium) is shed through menstruation, resulting in bleeding. This phase usually lasts 3 to 7 days and marks the start of the cycle. Next comes the follicular phase.
Follicular phase; In this phase, the pituitary gland releases follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), which stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles. One follicle becomes dominant, nurturing an egg in preparation for ovulation. At the same time Estrogen hormone rises, stimulating the growth and thickening of the of the endometrial lining, preparing the uterus for potential pregnancy. This phase is from day 8 to 13 in a 28-day cycle. The third phase is ovulation.
Ovulation; The mature follicle releases an egg into the fallopian tube. This is typically around day 14 in a 28-day cycle and is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH). During this time, a woman who engages in sex can easily get pregnant. The final phase is the luteal phase.
Luteal phase. Here, the empty follicle transforms into the corpus luteum, secreting progesterone to maintain the thickened endometrial lining. Both estrogen and progesterone hormone levels rise to develop the uterine lining ahead of implantation. If fertilization does not occur, hormone levels drop, leading to the breakdown of the endometrial lining and the start of a new menstrual cycle.
Each phase plays a crucial role in fertility and reproductive health, with hormonal fluctuations intricately coordinating ovulation and menstrual bleeding.
Why it is important to understand your menstrual cycle
